How do I go about planning what to put inside my pond?

Once you have completed the construction of your garden pond, you will then want to plan what to put inside it. A pond can be a very attractive feature to your garden if it is has a good selection of aquatic plants and ornamental fish. You do, however need to get the natural balance right for your pond to be virtually self-sustaining.

Firstly, you need to find out what types of pond plants are available and which ones will be best suited to your size pond. If you are going to introduce fish to your pond, then this will also affect your decision on what pond plants to chose. Some aquatic plants are harmful to fish and therefore aren’t recommended. When selecting the type and quantity of plants, also remember that plants grow and can take over a pond quite quickly.

Pond plants not only create a natural and informal feel to your pond, but also serve many other useful functions. They attract wildlife to the pond, providing food, rest and breeding sites for a host of creatures. Pond plant foliage produce oxygen and absorb carbon dioxide and minerals from the water that would otherwise build up and encourage the growth of algae.

There are four groups of pond plants. Each group has its role in the healthy balance of your pond. The groups are oxygenators, floaters, marginals and deep-water aquatics.

Oxygenators grow under the water. Their roots and stems are submerged and usually the leaves are submerged as well. They fulfil a useful role in the pond by absorbing nutrients, and so reduce the growth of algae. Oxygenators keep the water clear. They are often bought in bunches. Most oxygenators do not flower, but two exceptions are water violet and water buttercup.

It is highly recommended to get the plants established first before introducing fish to your garden pond.

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